Study flags why FPOs struggle to help smallholders with finance market and governance gaps

Promise is real, but core bottlenecks keep blocking

A new policy paper says farmer producer organisations (FPOs) can be a powerful bridge between smallholders and bigger markets in India. But it also highlights structural constraints that limit their impact, including weak scale, limited market access, financing shortfalls, and governance gaps. The study argues these issues need targeted reforms for FPOs to truly deliver on their promise.