India’s fragile Himalayan ecosystem is now threaded by hydropower and major highways and railways, with claims that at least 430 large hydropower projects exist across the region. Yet development often proceeds without disaster-impact assessments or carrying-capacity studies. The question grows sharper as attention turns to the Chungthang dam in Sikkim and what its collapse signals for the future.
India once dominated global large cardamom production from Sikkim, making the world’s most expensive flavours reliably available. But when supply faltered, the shock didn’t stay in warehouses. Biryani costs and restaurant margins felt it, while farmers in Sikkim lost their livelihood. The disruption shows how fragile spice economies can ripple fast.
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